New features and enhancements make DSM—5 easier to use across all settings. DSM consists of three major components: the diagnostic classification, the diagnostic criteria sets, and the descriptive text. The diagnostic classification is the official list of mental disorders recognized in DSM. Each diagnosis includes a diagnostic code, which is typically used by individual providers, institutions, and agencies for data collection and billing purposes.
These diagnostic codes are derived from the coding system used by all U. For each disorder included in DSM , a set of diagnostic criteria indicates symptoms that must be present and for how long as well as a list of other symptoms, disorders, and conditions that must first be ruled out to qualify for a particular diagnosis. While these criteria help increase diagnostic reliability i.
The third area of DSM is the descriptive text that accompanies each disorder. The text of DSM—5 provides information about each disorder under the following headings:. Learn More. Select personalised ads. Apply market research to generate audience insights. Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Mental disorders are diagnosed according to a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association called the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
A diagnosis under the fourth edition of this manual, which was often referred to as simply the DSM-IV , had five parts, called axes. Each axis of this multi-axial system gave a different type of information about the diagnosis.
When the fifth edition, the DSM-5, was compiled, it was determined that there was no scientific basis for dividing the disorders in this manner, so the multi-axial system was done away with. Axis I provided information about clinical disorders. Any mental health conditions, other than personality disorders or mental retardation , would have been included here.
Axis II provided information about personality disorders and mental retardation. Axis III provided information about any medical conditions that were present which might impact the patient's mental disorder or its management. Axis IV was used to describe psychosocial and environmental factors affecting the person. Axis V was a rating scale called the Global Assessment of Functioning; the GAF went from 0 to and provided a way to summarize in a single number just how well the person was functioning overall.
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