What was mendel trying to determine

He was not recognized for his extraordinary scientific contributions during his lifetime; in fact, it was not until that his work was rediscovered, reproduced, and revitalized by scientists on the brink of discovering the chromosomal basis of heredity. This species naturally self-fertilizes , meaning that pollen encounters ova within the same flower. The flower petals remain sealed tightly until pollination is completed to prevent the pollination of other plants. These are plants that always produce offspring that look like the parent.

By experimenting with true-breeding pea plants, Mendel avoided the appearance of unexpected traits in offspring that might occur if the plants were not true breeding. The garden pea also grows to maturity within one season, meaning that several generations could be evaluated over a relatively short time.

Finally, large quantities of garden peas could be cultivated simultaneously, allowing Mendel to conclude that his results did not come about simply by chance. Mendel performed hybridizations, which involve mating two true-breeding individuals that have different traits. In the pea, which is naturally self-pollinating, this is done by manually transferring pollen from the anther of a mature pea plant of one variety to the stigma of a separate mature pea plant of the second variety.

Plants used in first-generation crosses were called P, or parental generation , plants Figure 8. Mendel collected the seeds produced by the P plants that resulted from each cross and grew them the following season.

Once Mendel examined the characteristics in the F 1 generation of plants , he allowed them to self-fertilize naturally. He then collected and grew the seeds from the F 1 plants to produce the F 2 , or second filial, generation. In his publication, Mendel reported the results of his crosses involving seven different characteristics, each with two contrasting traits.

A trait is defined as a variation in the physical appearance of a heritable characteristic. The characteristics included plant height, seed texture, seed color, flower color, pea-pod size, pea-pod color, and flower position. Genes come in pairs. Genes don't blend. Some genes are dominant.

Genetic inheritance follows rules. Genes are real things. All cells arise from pre-existing cells. Sex cells have one set of chromosomes; body cells have two.

Specialized chromosomes determine gender. Among the many species on which Mendel worked, he selected pea because the plants and seeds have a wide array of distinct features that occur in two easily identifiable forms e. The pea flower is another useful feature of these plants , as it ensures that the flowers of the hybridised and parent plants are protected from any foreign pollen.

The relatively short growth period is another advantage, meaning there was not a long wait for the results. What happens during interphase. Q: What was mendel typing to determine?

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